horizontal transmission การใช้

• Both vertical and horizontal transmissions are possible.
• Mythological phylogenies constructed with mythemes clearly support low horizontal transmissions ( borrowings ), historical ( sometimes Palaeolithic ) diffusions and punctuated evolution.
• Because the evolutionary fate of the agent is not tied to reproductive success of the host, horizontal transmission tends to evolve virulence.
• PBFD is usually acquired by nestlings from their parents ( vertical transmission ) or from other members of the flock ( horizontal transmission ).
• According to evolutionary medicine, virulence increases with horizontal transmission ( between non-relatives ) and decreases with vertical transmission ( from parent to child ).
• They are vertically transmitted, although some studies demonstrated the possibility of horizontal transmission ( from one lineage to another and possibly from one species to another ).
• This action exemplifies a horizontal transmission of tradition, not from one generation to another within an ethno-cultural group but from one group to another in newly shared circumstances.
• Popularized by the German linguist August Schleicher in 1853, the tree model has always been a common method of describing Johannes Schmidt as an alternative to the tree model that incorporates horizontal transmission.
• In many infections, the first symptom people will have of their own infections is the horizontal transmission to a sexual partner or the vertical transmission of neonatal herpes to a newborn at term.
• In many infections, the first symptom a person will have of their own infection is the horizontal transmission to a sexual partner or the vertical transmission of neonatal herpes to a newborn at term.
• Routes of infection include vertical transmission ( such as through childbirth ), early life horizontal transmission ( bites, lesions, and sanitary habits ), and adult horizontal transmission ( sexual contact, intravenous drug use ).
• Routes of infection include vertical transmission ( such as through childbirth ), early life horizontal transmission ( bites, lesions, and sanitary habits ), and adult horizontal transmission ( sexual contact, intravenous drug use ).
• Rather, because memes and memeplexes replicate virally ( i . e ., by horizontal transmission ), they can be beneficial, inconsequential, or pathogenic to their carriers-- memes and memeplexes do not have to be true or useful to replicate.
• It describes the evolutionary implications of vertical transmission, passing cultural traits from parents to offspring; oblique transmission, passing cultural traits from any member of an older generation to a younger generation; and horizontal transmission, passing traits between members of the same population.